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EXPLOSION

The performance of a motor internal combustion, Otto cycle or spark ignition, in common parlance called gasoline engine, varies between 20 to 30% depending on the compression ratio and operating temperature. This means that 70 to 80% of the energy supplied by the fuel dissipates energy transformations undesirable (see * light performance), namely:

radiator 35 to 40%

exhaust gases 30 to 35%

Lubrication 8 to 10%

If we speak of a Diesel cycle engine, improving performance values \u200b\u200bbetween 35 to 40% and the losses decrease proportionally, but also the sum reaches values \u200b\u200bof 60 to 65%.

If the engine is used to drive an electricity generator, the performance at the end of the crankshaft (total mechanical efficiency) must be multiplied by the performance of the alternator or generator, which can vary between 80 to 95%, total yield for the group. Take 25% for gasoline engine and 87% (mean) for the alternator. The generation performance medium will then

h = 0.87 x 0.25 = 22%

If we use the extreme values \u200b\u200bwould be 17%

means that for every 100 gallons of fuel, only 17 to 22 liters are transformed into electrical energy and the rest will be dissipated as heat, as we said is a process not expected, but necessary to realize the transformation of calorific value of fuel, energy form easier to transport and convert that mankind has discovered so far, accepted, indisputable and universal ELECTRICITY.

However, we study the possibility of using the heat for other uses during the winter, assumed such importance that can be used to heat production environments, such as poultry farms, tropical animals, plants, greenhouses. It is more so: if the heat generation exceeds the production of electricity, we should pay more attention to the use of heat, which in the generation of electricity. To do otherwise means we look at the ants while the elephant rolls over. Recall that between 78 and 83 liters per 100 is used to generate heat.

Try to use it, if we apply it to other useful purpose total we have achieved up to 100% yield. Indeed, let us now generate heat with a generator and used as a secondary process of power generation. Changing goals, as they say, we transform a yield of 17 to 22 in another 78 to 83 which now has more color. With this we obtain or increase fuel efficiency or power that we wanted to achieve free, which also means to have achieved a 100% yield. What is one theory ...? Nothing more wrong, at least during the winter. The only objection to the reasoning is needed to heat a much smaller investment than we are analyzing. Simply an indirect heat generator or a conventional stove flame is able to provide heating and is cheaper.

If the complete generator set is positioned within the environment, all the heat "undesirable" stay inside the enclosure. This is not feasible in many cases, problems such as noise, air pollution, etc. Of the four losses mentioned above, the most practical for use is the radiator. In fact, in automobiles, buses, cars etc. the heating is achieved by this means, and of course, just a little part of the heat "undesirable" generated in the engine.

A greenhouse supports smooth engine noise without causing problems for plant development. The exhaust gases are rich in carbon dioxide, also contribute in the process of photosynthesis, chlorophyll or increasing the performance per se, and stimulated by elevated temperature. Let

some antics to check our reasoning. From a generator Otto cycle gas-fired line, the cost of electric power, neglecting losses is 0.07 $ / kWh. But the yield is 17 to 22%. If all the equipment is within the room, absolutely all the heat generated by the lost revenue to it, helping to heat the environment and the cost will drop to 0.012. If instead we release the exhaust gases, for pollutants considered, the price will drop to 0.025 and if for other reasons sacrifice isolate the engine and exhaust, lubrication and electrical losses, using only the cooling radiator, the cost will drop to 0.029 / Kwhora.

As we have reduced the price of Kwhora less than half in the worst case. One last comment about spark ignition engines powered by gas line. Technological advances in the production of such engines for the automotive industry has reduced investment costs considerably, to the point that is convenient to adapt to the consumption of gas. Our country is one of the most advanced in the world in this respect, a fact which is demonstrated by the fact that February was inaugurated CNG station number 1000. Gas is the same line just to transport it is necessary to compress it to 200 atmospheres.

nafteros Adapting involves correction of the compression ratio, carburetor modification and provision of a controller or speed limiter among other things. See * compression ratio and adaptation * gas natural.

All the above reasoning is valid for generators independent and * systems coupled ie both for those who do not have electricity and those who have it.

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Mr. Enrique O. Nielsen

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